Why is heparin used during dialysis?

Heparin is used during dialysis primarily to improve dialysis adequacy by preventing clotting in the dialysis circuit. When blood is passed through the dialysis machine, it encounters various surfaces that can activate the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of blood clots. If clotting occurs, it can compromise the blood flow through the dialyzer, reducing the effectiveness of the dialysis treatment and potentially leading to serious complications.

By administering heparin, a potent anticoagulant, healthcare providers can maintain normal blood flow and enhance the efficiency of removing waste products and excess fluid from the patient's bloodstream. This ensures that the dialysis process can occur smoothly and effectively, allowing for optimal clearance of toxins and maintaining electrolyte balance. Other options, such as preventing infection or stabilizing blood pressure, while important in the overall management of dialysis patients, are not the primary roles of heparin in this context.