Which component of the dialysate is specifically used to treat acidosis?

Bicarbonate is the component of the dialysate that specifically treats acidosis. In patients undergoing dialysis, metabolic acidosis can occur due to the accumulation of acids in the body, as the kidneys are unable to effectively remove them. The primary role of bicarbonate in the dialysate is to act as a buffer, helping to neutralize excess hydrogen ions in the blood. When bicarbonate enters the bloodstream during dialysis, it raises the blood bicarbonate levels, which can help restore the pH balance and alleviate acidosis.

Sodium, while present in dialysate, primarily helps maintain osmotic balance and does not directly influence acid-base balance in the same way. Calcium is important for bone health and cardiovascular function, whereas potassium is critical for muscle and nerve function; neither of these components has a primary role in treating acidosis.