In addition to air embolism, what complication may potentially occur if the saline bag is left unclamped?

Leaving the saline bag unclamped during dialysis can lead to the complication of dialyzer clotting. When the saline is allowed to flow without a clamp, excessive saline may enter the circuit. This can dilute the blood and increase the risk of factors that lead to clotting within the dialyzer. Clots can form due to changes in blood composition and the interaction with the dialyzer membranes, ultimately compromising the function of the filter. Ensuring that the saline bag is correctly clamped maintains proper fluid balance and protects the integrity of the dialysis system.

In terms of the other complications, hypotension typically arises from rapid fluid shifts or excessive removal of fluid rather than directly from an unclamped saline bag. Electrolyte imbalance would not be immediately linked to the presence of saline, which is often isotonic and specifically formulated to balance electrolytes. Fluid overload can occur with excessive administration of fluids, but if the system is managed properly, it is not the immediate risk posed by an unclamped saline bag compared to the direct impact on dialyzer performance.